![]() ![]() NASA collaborates with other federal entities and international space organizations to provide information for understanding environmental changes that can lead to disease emergence, transmission, and outbreaks. Please visit the Earthdata Forum, where you can interact with other users and NASA subject matter experts on a variety of Earth science research and applications topics. For information about data and tools specifically for investigations into COVID-19, please see the COVID-19 Data Pathfinder. While not designed to be a complete list of all salient data and tools in NASA's Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) collection, the following sections will help you chart a path to finding the best data and tools for your particular needs. ![]() This data pathfinder provides links to relevant datasets that can be used in each of these cases along with examples of tools that can be helpful in working with these data. While sensors aboard Earth observing satellites cannot detect the spread of diseases from space, they provide long-term data records that help address, inform, and monitor many of the factors mentioned above, including air and water quality, habitat suitability, seasonality, and changes in Earth's environment due to changes in human behavior. Through its Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGs), the United Nations has set a target of ending epidemics of malaria and other tropical diseases by 2030 as well as taking steps to combat water-borne and other communicable diseases. As observed from the COVID-19 pandemic, disease outbreaks can lead to environmental changes due to altered human behavior, such as decreased vehicle use and stay-at-home measures leading to reductions in greenhouse gases. Environmental variables, such as temperature and humidity, play an important role in seasonality trends for diseases. Increases in flooded, vegetated areas provide favorable conditions for mosquitoes that carry the Rift Valley fever virus across sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian peninsula. Changes in environmental variables such as temperature and precipitation can also impact disease transmission by changing the habitat suitability for organisms that can transmit infectious pathogens, like mosquitoes, ticks, and rodents. Recent studies show that dust storm activity in the Southwestern United States is connected to spikes of Valley fever in the region as the dust storms transport the fungal spores that cause the disease. Changes in water and air quality, for example, can affect disease transmission. The World Health Organization ( WHO) notes that disease outbreaks are often associated with environmental conditions. For more information, see NASA's Earth Observatory. Image courtesy of CDC/James Gathany. They are recognized by white markings on their legs. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes carry several tropical diseases, including chikungunya, dengue, Zika, and yellow fever. ![]()
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